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CHRISTMAS

Traditionally observed on December 25, Christmas or Christmas Day is an annual holiday that celebrates the birth of Jesus. Although some churches observe it on different dates, the fact is that the precise chronology of Jesus’ birth and death is yet to be determined. Christmas has many sides to it, some religious and some secular, including the exchange of gifts, the Santa Claus myth, decoration and display of the Christmas tree, and religious ceremonies.

History

We can trace the origin of Christmas to several pagan holidays. It was since AD 354 that the christians in the West started celebrating the birthday of Jesus Christ on December 25, replacing an earlier date of January 6. By that time, the christians had appropriated several pagan festivals and traditions of the season that were practiced in many parts of the Middle East and Europe, as a means of stamping them out. Among those festivals were Saturnalia of the Romans, the birth celebrations of sun – God Attis in Phrygia (December 25) and Persian sun – God Mithras (December 17-24).

The Nativity

The Nativity refers to the birth of Jesus Christ. The christians celebrate Christmas by remembering or re-creating the Nativity. While the Eastern Orthodox Church practices the Nativity Fast in anticipation of the birth of Jesus, the Western Church mostly prefers celebrating Advent. Children often enact the events of the Nativity, or sing some of the numerous Christmas carols that reference the event. Some christians display a small re-creation of the Nativity in their homes, using small figurines to portray the key characters.

Santa Claus

In Western culture, a main feature of Christmas is the exchange of gifts among friends and family members, some of them being attributed to Santa Claus. Santa Claus is also known by other names, such as Father Christmas, Saint Nicholas, Kris Kringle, Saint Basil and Father Frost. Santa Claus is based on the tale about Saint Nicholas, or Sinterklaas, who gave gifts on the eve of his feast day of December 6. He became associated with Christmas in 19th century America and was renamed Santa Claus or Saint Nick. In Britain and France too, Father Christmas and Pere Noel respectively were made to adopt the Santa image.

Christmas tree

The Christmas tree owes its origin to the ancient pagan idea, later appropriated by the christians, that the evergreen tree represents a celebration of the renewal of life. Christmas trees first became popular in Germany in the late 18th century. Christmas trees may be decorated with lights and ornaments. The poinsettia then became associated with Christmas, while other popular holiday plants include holly, mistletoe, red amaryllis, and Christmas cactus. In some parts of the world, it is traditional to decorate the outside of houses with lights and sometimes with illuminated sleighs, snowmen, and other Christmas figures. Town authorities also hang Christmas banners from street lights and place Christmas trees in the town square.

Feasts and cards

A special meal of Christmas dishes is usually served on Christmas Day or Christmas Eve. Another extremely popular tradition is to send Christmas cards to friends and family members. Cards can also be produced with messages such as “Season’s Greetings” or “Happy Holidays”, to include senders and recipients who may not celebrate Christmas.

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Christmas is celebrated in many parts of the world on 25 December. But different religious communities have the different opinions about the Christmas date. Protestant and Roman Catholic churches hold Christmas Day services on 25 December. The Eastern churches – the Ethiopian Orthodox church, Russian Orthodox church and the Armenian church – celebrate Christmas on 6 or 7 January. Though the different celebrations, there have been rituals, parties and celebrations at this time of year for thousands of years.

Christmas trees are part of a long tradition of greenery being taken into the home at Christmas to brighten the dreary winter. Mistletoe was popular with Druid priests because it remained green throughout winter. Holly placed over the doorway was believed to drive away evil. Placing branches from trees in the home was first recorded in 1494, and by the beginning of the 1600s there are records of fir trees being decorated with apples. There are many native Australian plants in flower over the Christmas season. A number of these have become known as Christmas plants in various parts of the country, including Christmas bells, the Christmas orchid.

But the Christmas celebration in the southern hemisphere is different from that of the northern area. The heat of early summer in Australia has an impact on the way that Australians celebrate Christmas

In the weeks leading up to Christmas houses are decorated; greetings cards sent out; carols sung; Christmas trees installed in homes, schools and public places; and children delight in anticipating a visit from Santa Claus. On Christmas Day family and friends gather to exchange gifts and enjoy special Christmas food.

Many Australians spend Christmas out of doors, heading to camping grounds for a longer break over the Christmas holiday period. It has become traditional for international visitors who are in Sydney at Christmas time to go to Bondi Beach where up to 40,000 people visit on Christmas Day.

When Europeans first arrived in Australia they were delighted that they could pick wild flowers resembling bells and bright green foliage covered in red or white flowers to use as Christmas decorations. This was a huge contrast to the bare trees and dormant gardens they had left behind in Europe. Modern Indigenous Christmas celebrations are beginning to take on elements of traditional Indigenous culture.

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by Urban Mixer (Picture )

the Christmases?? | Winter season of festivity and celebration. Christmas is celebrated worldwide on December 25. The day is celebrated in the right mood to commemorate the birth of Jesus Christ. As the Fever Christmas approaches it drapes over the world in its magical colors. On the eve of Christmas, visiting churches to offer prayers each. The houses are decorated with stockings, a wreath, Beauty and Christmas tree. Family singing Christmas carols in and this fabulous gifts. Celebrating Christmas are universal and celebrated around the world with a pump and a pageantry.Â

Christmas celebration in the U.S.:

feast, songs, decorations and gifts are the essential elements of the celebration of Christmas in every family to United States. In the U.S., the traditions vary from place to place. In New Orleans, partygoers flock to Jackson Square to participate in singing around a fire burning along the great river Mississippi. In Washington, DC center of the celebration is the lighting of a large tree (which represents the nation) and other smaller trees (standing for other states). In other regions of the United States United, the whole city lit up. glitziest of all is the basis of Hollywood, Los Angles, where the annual parade of stars, Christmas concerts and festivities are held in the songs and around cities.

Christmas in France:

enter France and you will be greeted by one???? Merry Christmas Merry Christmas ,???? means. center the celebration of a Christmas tree-fir in France, is decorated with lights, red ribbons and candles. In France thereâ???? Children, after the tradition by placing the shoes and boots for the fire Santa to keep Christmas goodies. On this day, families gather to feast on meat and wine SIP.

Christmas in England:

The tradition of hanging stockings on Christmas Celebration from the United Kingdom. This tradition has evolved and now ATI???? S customary for children to hang stockings . He said that San Nicolas once dropped some gold coins down a chimney and the coins landed on the bottom left to dry. Besides hanging down beside the fireplace other customs associated with Christmas wish each other???? Merry Christmases???? and donations.
Celebrating Christmas (author)

by Urban Mixer (Picture )

this article Read about some of the ways families across America celebrate> Christmas.

buy music from the great cathedrals English. Gather stories about the Cathedral of Salisbury and Worcester in England. As you listen to your music during the holidays Tell family stories of how the great organ played in these cathedrals and choirs sang during the Christmas

Christmas tradition # 2:

Set aside time to do some special holiday baking. Involved whole family in the process. Package your goodies to give to family, friends and neighbors to visit and offer their gifts to you. Allow your children to give gifts of home baked goods.
fruit cakes, homemade chocolate chip cookies are staples of baking Christmas. Continue to create your own line of baked goods each year

Christmas tradition # 3:

As you start your cooking traditions, collect your stories of the true meaning of Christmas and encourage your children to pass these stories to their children and so on through each generation after you. All the while you’re sifting, stirring, cooking and preparation of gift packages to tell stories to your children and other family members.

Christmas tradition # 4:

As the season unfolds, read or buy tapes of the Christmas story and Dickens’ A Christmas Carol or any other favorite Christmas story. Decorate your home and put up your tree stories in the basic game.
Be an example by keeping a spirit of generosity, peace and hospitality />

Christmas tradition # 5:

buy a crib and have this game in a conspicuous place in your home
Each time a child is born in your family, buy another figurine to add to the scene and display these each year. your figures may be something you want to represent each new person born into your family. When stepparents are added, add a stamp to your nursery.

Christmas tradition # 6:

Celebrate Christmas with your parents, brothers, sisters, nieces, nephews, etc..
Have an Open House Day Christmas for those who have nowhere to go and a gift or home donated baked goods and lunch to those who otherwise have no Christmas at all.
You can organize your neighborhood with a rotation for great open house Christmas party each year.

Christmas tradition # 7:

Dress your child in costume as Mary and Joseph go from door to door, asking if they can come to sing Christmas carols or delivering baked goods.

These are some of the ways we can participate in the joy and hope of Christmas season. Thanks to our traditions, we teach our children a little lesson in life is why Christ was born and how we should treat each other – with love and kindness. ” / p> Source: M. O’Connell Get wrapped up in family traditions this Christmas. U.S. Catholic], [online serial. December 2000, 65 (4): 29. Available from MAS Ultra – School Edition, Ipswich, MA. Accessed August 12, 2008.

are homes the famous

by Urban Mixer (Picture )

Although Christmas is the festival’s most universally recognized throughout the world. It became a famous case of magic, myth and religion. Most of Christmas as we know it today is born pre-Christian festival which was celebrated for centuries. The birth of the sun celebrated on December 25 has been replaced by the celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ on this day. For Christians, “Christ” is the new “Sun” the Son of God “the new” light of the world.

While there are approximately 2.1 billion Christians in a global population of 6.6 billion, making it the largest in the world of religion, there are many other cultures and religions over the sacred celebrations in December today. Here are some of the most famous festivals:

· The Jews commemorate > Hanukkah (the Hebrew word for “dedication”). This festival is also called “Feast of Dedication” or “Festival of Lights. It is an eight-day festival, which commemorates the rededication of the Temple of Jerusalem. The Jews reclaimed and rededicated their temple in 165 BC after a victory that drove the Syrian army out of Jerusalem. A primary ritual during this time to light a single light each night for eight nights and the number of lights lit is increased by one every night. The lights on each additional night is called Shamash “which means” guard “or” servant “and is given a place, usually higher or lower than others. Special blessings are recited over the lights each night. There are about 14 million in the world of Jews.

· The Muslims are Ramadan when it falls during the Christmas season. It should be noted that Ramadan moves all over in terms of our schedule. Considered the most sacred month, blessed and spiritually beneficial to the Islamic year. Considered the month in which the first verses of the Koran (the divine scripture) were revealed by Allah (God) to Prophet Muhammad. It is a month when fasting, inner reflection, devotion to God and self-control is observed. In Saudi Arabia, it is 100% Muslim and Islam is the only accepted religion and non-Muslim religious activities are prohibited in public, so no Christmas. Saudi Arabia, the birthplace of Islam is responsible for protecting the most sacred shrines of faith in Mecca and Medina. There are approximately 1.3 billion Muslims worldwide .

· Afro-Americans celebrate> Kwanzaa which means “first fruits” and is based on African festivals. It started in 1966 by Dr. Maulana Karenga, an American academic. Celebrating more than seven days from December 26th to January 1st that reflect and reaffirm the values of traditional African, the ancestors and culture. There are seven guiding principles reflected. One for each day of the festival: unity, self determination, collective work and responsibility, collective economics, purpose, creativity and faith. Kwanzaa is observed by more than 18 million b. Kwanzaa is not celebrated in Africa, because it is an African American holiday.

· In Hong Kong, the festival a> Ta Chiu is required (a Taoist festival of peace and renewal) held from December 27 each year. The participants call on all their gods and ghosts of their ancestors so that the collective strength to renew their lives and fulfill the wishes for the coming year. At the end of the festival, priests read aloud the names of each person living in their area. Then they attached the list of names to a paper horse and set it on fire, leaving smoke are named in the heavens to meet the gods so they will remember them.

· In Japan no official celebrations of Christmas in less than 1% of the population is Christian. The main religion is Buddhism and Shinto in Japan. December in Japan is a time to prepare for their day the most famous of the year “New Year”. People prepare by thoroughly cleaning their houses on the eve of new year, then adding special decorations. People dress in their finest clothes often Japanese kimonos traditional. A tradition that the father of the house to be followed by the whole family as he walks through the house away evil spirits. Custom is the father to throw dried beans into the corners of each piece, as it offers the evil spirits to withdraw and good opportunity. The family then took part in the Shinto shrine, where they clap their hands to attract the attention of the gods “and asks good fortune. People send cards of the new year as people send Christmas cards to the west. There are 376 million Buddhists worldwide and Shinto 4 million worldwide.

· The indigenous people of Australia, Aborigines, is one of the oldest cultures and peoples on earth, do not celebrate Christmas (even if Australia is largely a Christian country widely celebrating Christmas). The Aborigines have their own rich culture and honored in particular the “Dreamtime” story that is an integral part of their lives. It plays a vital role in educating children with stories of history, culture, land and their people. Stories that have been passed from one generation to another over thousands of years. December celebrations include in Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Yolngu Aboriginal people who watch the last season of their cycle of six seasons. Gudjewg, the rainy season begins in late December. There least 500,000 Aborigines in Australia today.
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by Urban Mixer (Image )

Christmas is a Christian holiday celebrating the birth of Jesus. This feast was created by the pope to promote Christianity and pagan festivals celebrated deleted at the winter solstice.

During the fourth century, the pope decided to bring Christmas Day December 25.

Christmas has always been represented by religious ceremonies and gifts and exchange of vows.

Here are some Christmas symbols:

* The Advent consists of a candle each Sunday four weeks before Christmas, which symbolize the rebirth of light after the winter solstice.

* The December 24th Christmas Mass, which celebrates the birth of Jesus.

* The crib, which symbolizes the birth of Jesus in Christian homes.

* The Christmas tree, a symbol of the pagan celebration and representing life.

* The Yule log, which is the newspaper we put in fireplace to keep warm on Christmas Eve.

* Santa Claus an American creation, inspired by the Christian Saint Nicholas (celebrated in Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany and Alsace. This figure wears a luxurious red cape, he has a long white beard and wears a red miter, he also holds a golden crosier. Saint-Nicolas rewards good children while his companion Bogeyman / Black Pete punishes naughty children) and elf Yule Goat, celebrated in Scandinavian countries.

Over the centuries, Christmas has evolved and Christmas Eve with our family, has replaced the religious ceremonies.

The exchange of gifts of luxury for the rich and useful – sometimes only one orange – for the poor, has been replaced by modern marketing. People do not only buys gifts but also spend a lot of money in decorative items, food, drink … />
The secularization of our society removed the true meaning of Christmas time, which is obviously becoming a pagan feast.

Some countries that celebrate Christmas

Belgium:
We have a festival especially dedicated to children, which is Saint-Nicolas (Sinter Klaas) on December 6. The great patron of scholars, which is supposed to bring candies in their shoes, bring in toys made by thousands of our children.

In Belgium, Christmas is rather reserved for adults: the streets are decorated and illuminated, we decorate our houses, windows, gardens, Christmas trees. Belgium seems to forget that this is a Catholic country and closes more churches and more, therefore, the Midnight Mass on December 24th usually happens at 6 or 8:00 . We then eat with our family and 12 hours, we exchanged gifts. Children usually receive a book or clothing.

On Christmas Day has little meaning but practicing Catholic go to church. Belgian people visit their family on January 1st. In the Belgian Ardennes, people celebrate December 31st and not Christmas.

France:
Christmas is dedicated to children . The streets and houses are decorated with several weeks in advance. The French have many Christmas customs: Christmas Markets, Christmas tree, Christmas dinner, Santa Claus, Christmas gifts, stories, songs, Christmas turkey, the Christmas Crib, the Yule Log, and so on. In Alsace, however, Saint-Nicolas predominates on Santa Claus.

The Netherlands:
They organize their St. Nicolas (Sinter Klaas) festival: the old bearded man traveling by boat and accompanied by many black aids, who distributes gifts to good children. The Netherlands has the big gifts for Christmas time because they benefit some bargains after Sinter Klaas.

Germany:
Christmas in Germany lasts two days. On December 26 they visit their family and friends. Christ-Kind gives presents to children on December 24th families and friends. Germany is also a festival of Saint Nicolas on December 6.

Great Britain:
Christmas is celebrated with enthusiasm in England . Children sing “Christmas Carols” in the streets, they eat the famous “Christmas Pudding” at the end of Christmas dinner. In England, Santa Claus fills the English children socks with gifts. British people also exchange greeting cards, which are a British creation.

Spain:
If Santa Claus has little importance in Spain (Magi distribute gifts to children on January 6), the people Spanish streets decorated with lights during the month of December. The shop windows are filled with many gifts and Spanish celebrate this Christmas Eve with their families.

Portugal
Eve Christmas is a holiday. The Portuguese attend the midnight mass of Christmas, which is the “Missa do Galo. If there are no Christmas trees in Portugal, there is nevertheless a “Wooden Christmas.

Italy:
Christmas lasts three days, from December 24 to 26. However, Christmas traditions vary from one region to another and, depending on the region it is Babo Natale (Father Christmas) or the “Bambino Gesu (Baby Jesus) who brings gifts on December 25. Dessert Italian Christmas panettone.

The Scandinavian countries:
During the Christmas Dinner, Scandinavian people reserve a place for the souls of deceased members of their families. Once they have finished eating, they read the Bible. The whole family is singing Christmas songs and dance around the Christmas tree.

Other European countries:
In Romania, December 24, there is a Christmas candle burning until the morning of December 25. In Russia, Christmas Day happens on January 7, according to the Orthodox calendar. In Greece, the Christmas season begins on Christmas Eve and ends at the Epiphany. Christmas is less important than Easter.

USA:
Saturday after Thanksgiving, Santa Claus has announced the start of the Christmas shopping season. American people love to celebrate Christmas and put up a Christmas decoration in their house. Children hang empty stocks empty on the fireplace and Christmas morning, they find them filled with candy and small toys.

Canada: Homes />
South America:
Peruvian people have Christmas, but also learn how to live the Christmas season. Their Christmas season lasts a full week. Mexican people celebrate Christmas with Las Posadas (pilgrimages representing the path of Mary and Joseph). They celebrate the last Posada on Christmas morning, then start the Christmas dinner. I Guatemala, immigrants have imported their German customs and the Christmas tree is essential but the Christmas gifts are reserved for children. Gift exchange for adults is 1 January.

Australia:
Christmas happens during the summer, when Australians celebrate Christmas at the beach. People eat turkey and pudding cold.

New Zealand:
If there are few decorations, New Zealanders organize Christmas parades and people sing in the parks. They also organize their famous BBQ Christmas.

Japan:
Christmas is merely commercial significance in Japan. This festival represents Saint-Nicolas is an opportunity to offer gifts to grandchildren.

China
If Christmas Day is a holiday, Christmas is celebrated in Chinese cities. This festival has been imported into this country by missionaries foreigners. For the Chinese people who celebrate it, Christmas is a religious event.

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